Myanamr Health Research Registration 2022; 34(1-3): 62-70.
DOI:
Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in Patients Attending Central Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic, Yangon by GeneXpert CT/NG assay
Kham Mo Aung1*, Mu Mu Shwe1, Lynn Pa Pa Aye1, Ei Ei Phyu1, Hay Mar Htay Win1, Htwe Htwe Nyunt1, Win Maw Tun1 and Cho Cho Oo3
Myanmar Health Sciences Research Journal, Vol. 34, No. 1-3, 2022
ABSTRACTSexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are major public health problem and responsible for social, reproductive and sexual health consequences affecting men, women and children. This cross-sectional study aimed to find out Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections among 103 patients attending Central Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic, Yangon, in 2019. Data about sociodemographic factors and associated factors was collected using structured questionnaires. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were determined from first catch urine using GeneXpert CT/NG assay. Single infection of Chlamydia, single infection of Gonorrhea and dual infection were found in 6.8%, 9.7% and 7.8%, respectively. About 42.9% of patients with single chlamydial infection, 90% with single gonococcal infection and 87.5% with dual infection were 21-30 years but its high positive rate was not statistically significant (p=0.38). Among study population, 66% were symptomatic and 34% were asymptomatic. Single chlamydial infection, single gonococcal infection and dual infection were detected in 5.9%, 13.2%, and 11.8% of symptomatic patients, respectively. Being symptomatic were significantly associated with prevalence of dual infection (p=0.03). Single chlamydial infection and single gonococcal infection were detected in 8.6% and 2.9% of asymptomatic patients, respectively.
Sexually transmitted diseases are communi-cable diseases that are mainly transmitted by sexual contact and caused by bacterial, viral, Protozoa and fungal agents.1 World health Organization estimated that globally there are more than one million new cases of STDsevery day. About 400,000 new cases of STDs occur daily in South East Asian Region.2 Sexually transmitted diseases are major public health problem affecting mostly young people, in developing and developed countries.1 Control of STDs represents one of aims of WHO to improve sexual health, and well-being of all people that is one of Sustainable Development Goals.2
A cross-sectional study was conducted in total 103 male and female patients attending Central STD Clinic, Yangon from January to October 2019. Eligible participants were patients 16 years aged and older attending Central STD Clinic. Women who were pregnant, menstruating and revisited patients who had participated in the study at previous visit were excluded. Every weekday during clinic’s opening hours, patients who met eligibility criteria attending STD clinic were enrolled to participate. Minimum required sample was 103 which have been calculated by using formula N= .
Chlamydia trachomatis and
Neisseria gonorrhoeae cause major
public health consequences due to asymptomatic in
nature, prevalence among adolescents and reproductive morbidity. STDs are still
high prevalent in developing countries, including Myanmar, due to economic hardship,
lack of STDs control programme and lack of access to STDs services. Information on epidemiological data of STDs is essential for development of successful prevention and management strategies in country.3
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Director General, Department of Medical Research and Rector, University of Medicine 1. We much grateful to Professor Wah Win Htike, former Head of Department of Microbiology and Dr. Tin Maung Zaw, former Assistant Director, National AIDS/STD Program.
The authors declare that they have no competing of interests.
1. Papp JR, Julius Schachter, Gaydos CA & Barbara Van Der Pol. Recommendations for Laboratory-based detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae-2014. MMWR. Recommendations and Reports 2014; 63: 1-19.
2. World Health Organization. Why sexually transmitted infection response should be global priority. In: Global Health Sector Strategy on Sexually Transmitted Infections 2016-2021. WHO, 2016; 12-18.
3. Dela H, Attram N, Behene E, Kumordjie S, Addo KK, Nyarko EO, Kyei NNA, et al. Risk factors associated with gonorrhea and chlamydia transmission in selected health facilities in Ghana. BMC Infectious Diseases 2019; 19(1): 1-8.