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Aims of MHSR Journal

• To serve as an important medium for the publication of original research in the field of medical science and health research, thus filling gaps in health knowledge for effective utilization of research findings
• To impart current medical knowledge and updated scientific information obtained from research to health professionals for better and appropriate health care management
• To disseminate recent basic, applied and social research findings among health personnel of different strata for enhancing worldwide health development

Archives   2020

Myanmar   Health   Sciences   Research   Journal

Volume   32,  Number   2

TITLE:   Thyroid Dysfunction in Down Syndrome Cases Attending the School for the Disabled Children, Yangon
AUTHOR:   Thitsar Htet Htet Htoo, San San Htwe, Win Pa Pa Naing, Ye Myat Oo , Aye Aye Lwin1, Moh Moh Hlaing, Aye Mya Khine, Win Win Mar, Yee Mar Tin
SOURCE:   Myanmar Health Sciences Research Journal, 2020; 32(2): 146-151
ABSTRACT:  

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal anomaly in live births. It is a common cause for mental retardation and associated with many congenital anomalies. Among them the endocrine disorders effecting thyroid functions are more frequent in DS. The prevalence of hypothyroidism is higher than that of hyperthyroidism in DS. The aim of this study,carried out from August 2017 to July 2018, is to investigate the thyroid dysfunction in Down syndrome cases attending the School for the Disabled Children, Yangon. A total of 80 DS cases between 6 to 46 years were analysed for thyroid function test (serum free T4 and TSH level) by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Of the 80 cases, 50 were males (62.5%) and 30 were females (37.5%). Over fifty-six percent of cases (56.2%) were between 11-19 years with the median age of 14 years. Out of 80 cases, 49(61.25%) showed normal thyroid function (euthyroid) and 31 (38.8%) showed hypothyroidism. Among 31 cases (38.8%) of hypothyroidism, 30(37.5%) showed subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and only one case (1.2%) was overt hypothyroidism. No children or cases were found to be hyperthyroid in this study. The occurrence of hypothyroidism was found to be higher  in female than in male. There was a statistically significant association between gender and prevalence of hypothyroidism (p=0.04). Mean serum TSH level in male was 3.6±1.9 mU/L and in female was 5.6±5.1 mU/L. There was a statistically significant association between gender and TSH level (p=0.02). Mean serum free T4 (FT4) level in whole group was 1.1±0.2 ng/dl. These findings highlighted the need to implement the standardized guidelines regarding thyroid function testing, annual thyroid surveillance in all newborns with DS and monitoring and treatment of thyroid dysfunctions associated with Down syndrome.